北京海淀：中国检察机关以法治力量守护网络安全

Hello, everyone. Today, I would like to introduce a procuratorial practice from China: How Chinese procuratorial organs leverage the rule of law to safeguard cybersecurity, regulate public service order, and uphold social fairness and justice, thereby addressing global governance challenges in the digital age through judicial practice.

大家好，今天我向大家介绍一项来自中国的检察实践：中国检察机关以法治力量守护网络安全、规范公共服务秩序、保障社会公平正义，用司法实践回应数字时代的全球治理课题。

Beijing's Haidian District is a renowned center of science, education, and culture in China, home to world-famous institutions such as Tsinghua University and Peking University. As educational tourism and campus visits have grown increasingly popular, a large number of domestic and international visitors flock to the area each year. Consequently, free visiting slots to these prestigious universities have long been "extremely difficult to obtain." Behind this immense demand, an underground black market gradually emerged: hackers developed ticket-snatching programs, scalpers hoarded reservation slots, and intermediaries charged fees to secure bookings on behalf of others—effectively turning a free public resource into a tool for illicit profit.

北京市海淀区是中国著名的科教文化区，聚集着清华大学、北京大学等世界著名高校。随着研学旅行、校园参观越来越受欢迎，每年都有大量国内外游客慕名前来，名校免费参观名额长期 “一票难求”。巨大的需求背后，逐渐滋生出一条黑色产业链：黑客制作抢票程序，黄牛囤积预约名额，中介有偿代抢，把原本免费的公共资源变成牟利工具。

On January 1, 2026, Cybersecurity Law of the People's Republic of China officially came into effect. This law clearly stipulates that the state provides special protection for critical information infrastructure, and no individual or organization may illegally intrude into other persons' networks, disrupt normal network functions, or steal network data. University visit reservation systems fall precisely under the category of critical information infrastructure within the realm of social public services, bearing directly on public data security and the public's right to fair access.

2026 年 1 月 1 日，中国新修订的《网络安全法》正式实施。这部法律明确规定：国家对关键信息基础设施实行重点保护，任何个人和组织不得非法侵入网络、干扰网络正常功能、窃取网络数据。而高校参观预约系统，正是社会公共服务领域重要的信息基础设施，关系到公共数据安全与公众公平使用权。

In response to this new type of cybercrime, the People's Procuratorate of Haidian District, Beijing, lawfully handled a series of related cases. The typical modus operandi was as follows: Hackers developed ticket-snatching software targeting the universities' reservation mini-programs. Scalpers used this software to seize reservation slots and then sold them for profit. Tourism operators advertised these "booking services" on social media platforms, soliciting large numbers of clients and then providing the visitors' personal information to the scalpers to execute the snatching.

针对这一新型网络犯罪，北京市海淀区人民检察院依法办理了系列案件。案件的基本模式是：黑客针对名校预约小程序，开发了抢票软件。黄牛使用上述抢票软件，抢挂预约程序内号源后出售牟利。旅游从业人员通过社交平台发布代抢票信息，大量招揽客户后将参观游客的身份信息提供给黄牛实施抢票。

Such actions not only severely infringe upon the rights of domestic and international tourists to fair access and disrupt campus management order, but also pose a direct threat to information system security and harm the broader public interest. To address this, Chinese procuratorial organs, driven by the mandate to uphold cybersecurity and respond to public expectations, have empowered judicial processes with technology and employed a whole-chain governance approach to tackle the challenges of new cybercrimes. Our work integrates crackdown, governance, and prevention simultaneously.

这类行为不仅严重损害国内外游客公平参观的权利，扰乱校园管理秩序，更直接威胁信息系统安全，侵害社会公共利益。为此，中国检察机关从维护网络安全、回应群众期待出发，以科技赋能司法、以全链条治理破解新型网络犯罪难题，实现打击、治理、预防一体推进。

We have focused our efforts primarily on three areas:

我们主要做了三方面工作：

1.Full-Chain, in-depth Review, Leaving No Link Unaddressed: The procuratorial organ promptly established a specialized case team and intervened early in the investigation. We guided the public security authority to collect comprehensive evidence across three dimensions: personnel, technology, and capital flow. We systematically mapped out the complete network—from the hacker developers and intermediary scalpers to the client-soliciting agents. We identified the illegal mechanisms of the snatching software and traced the flow of illicit proceeds, ensuring that the entire criminal chain was thoroughly dismantled.

1.全链条穿透审查，不漏掉任何一环：检察机关第一时间成立专门办案组，提前介入侦查，引导公安机关从人员、技术、资金三个维度全面取证。查清从黑客开发者、中间黄牛到揽客中介的完整关系，鉴定抢票软件的违法原理，梳理赃款流向，确保把整条犯罪链彻底打掉。

2.Tiered Treatment Balancing Leniency and Severity, Ensuring Seamless reverse administrative-criminal linkage: We differentiated the handling of individuals based on their specific role and impact within the criminal scheme—enforcing strict penalties where warranted and showing leniency where appropriate. For those whose offenses were minor and who received a decision not to prosecute, we concurrently transferred leads for administrative penalties. This avoids any gaps where an individual might escape both criminal and administrative liability, thereby achieving a closed-loop accountability system between judicial and administrative enforcement.

2.宽严相济分层处理，做好行刑反向衔接：我们根据每个人在犯罪中的地位、作用区别处理，该严惩的严惩，该从轻的从轻。对于情节较轻、作出不起诉决定的人员，同步移送行政处罚线索，避免出现 “不刑事、不处罚” 的空白，实现司法与行政责任闭环。

3.Advancing Social Governance Through Case-Based Legal Education and Long-Term Regulation: Even after concluding the cases, we did not stop at merely punishing the offenders. We further advanced source-level governance. Through public legal education campaigns, we highlighted the dangers and legal risks associated with ticket-snatching software. We have been working with universities to optimize reservation processes and maintain in-person service windows to accommodate walk-in visitors, including international tourists. Furthermore, we have established dedicated joint task forces with relevant departments to institutionalize the routine crackdown on scalping activities.

3.以案释法推动社会治理，实现长效规范：案件办结后，我们没有止步于惩罚犯罪，而是进一步推动源头治理。通过普法宣传，向公众揭示抢票软件的危害与法律风险；推动高校优化预约流程、保留人工服务窗口，方便临时到访的国内外游客；联合相关部门成立专项专班，常态化打击黄牛倒票行为。

At present, data has become a critical factor of production. The equitable distribution and secure use of public data directly impact public interests and market order. Using technical means to illegally seize and resell public reservation resources is, in essence, a form of data theft and abuse. Through lawful case handling, Chinese procuratorial organs are safeguarding data security and upholding fair order with judicial power. This is both a concrete implementation of our cybersecurity laws and a vivid illustration of our commitment to ensuring that everyone can fairly access public services.

当前，数据已成为重要生产要素，公共数据的公平分配与安全使用，直接关系社会公共利益与市场秩序。利用技术手段非法抢占、倒卖公共预约资源，本质上是对公共数据的窃取与滥用。中国检察机关通过依法办案，用司法力量守护数据安全、维护公平秩序，既是落实网络安全法律的具体行动，也是努力让每一个人都能公平享受公共服务的生动实践。

This practice also sends a clear message to the world: China remains committed to governing cyberspace in accordance with the law, rigorously combating new types of crime that endanger cybersecurity and public interest, in order to provide a safe, fair, and orderly social environment for all people, both Chinese citizens and foreign nationals.

这项实践也向外界表明：中国始终坚持依法治理网络空间，严厉打击危害网络安全、侵害公共利益的新型犯罪，为国内外公民提供安全、公平、有序的社会环境。